New space technologies and human survival in space are being paved by China’s space station experiments. Many engineering experiments are now being carried out by the Space Basic Experiment Cabinet on China’s Mengtian space lab module. The knowledge gained from these tests will help promote additional experimental options and increase human survival in space.
The microbial resistance facility is housed in one of the drawers attached to the cabinet. Effective in-orbit management of microbes is essential for any long-term space stay. This is because they can have a major corrosive effect on the materials in constrained space modules. The microbial resistance experiment seeks to do PCR testing, quarantine, and subsequent disinfection after actively controlling microbial growth in microgravity. Aspergillus niger is the first microbe being studied. This is a form of mildew that has the potential to damage the copper and aluminum alloy. The box will serve as a crucial platform for biological safety for technological identification and scientific study in the space station.
A test for growing algae is also contained in the cabinet to see how well the water plant can produce oxygen and how to cook it locally. Microalgae are a major source of oxygen on Earth. They are thought to be extremely resistant to cosmic radiation as well as zero gravity. Future long-term human settlement and extended space travel may be made possible thanks to the results of this cabinet experiment. Both liquid and solid cultured algae will be grown. The liquid-supported algae will subsequently be baked in a “microwave oven.”
The experimental rack now hosts the pilot engine for the Stirling thermoelectric converter, which employs two pistons in a cylinder that move at high frequency to produce heat-to-electricity conversion. This can transform thermal energy into electricity with a reasonably high efficiency and power density. Chinese engineers are attempting to confirm its viability and stability in orbit, providing information for creating cutting-edge space power technology that can be applied to upcoming deep-space research.
Material scientists might learn how to use the liquid metal in space from an additional experiment in the cabinet. It will be determined how well the liquid metal performs in electromagnetic drive, sealing, quick melting, and inflation protection. Innovative and disruptive technologies may result from this. The alloyed metals, such as those based on gallium and bismuth, have several desired characteristics. It includes good conductivity, high boiling temperatures, and strong heat-transfer capabilities.
The fifth and final experiment will assess the risks posed by chippings generated by a system that relies on friction between electric brushes and slip rings. The purpose of the test is to capture images of their actual movements as a building block. This is meant for an improved gadget that can guarantee spacecraft operation for an extended period.
The Space Basic Experiment Cabinet aboard China’s space station is where these experiments are being carried out with the goal of enhancing human survival and developing space technology. Future long-term space presence and further experimental opportunities may be supported by the findings.